Spain is predominantly a Roman Catholic country and the Spanish people are very religious. Catholicism plays a large role in family life in Spain, even for those who never attend church, who still see themselves as being Catholics. There are however other religions followed in Spain such as Judaism and Islam. It is a good idea to be aware of the different religions before you go to Spain.
Roman Catholics
The Roman Catholic religion in Spain has strong roots spanning centuries. You will notice that Catholicism is represented in many of the buildings and monuments across Spain. Catholicism is very much a way of life in Spain and nearly all fiestas are a celebration of a religious event. Every community hosts a fiesta in honour of a Patron Saint. Holy Week, which takes place during the week before Easter, is usually the busiest time of year for fiestas and you will find processions taking place all over Spain.
There has always been a close relationship between the state and the church, although Catholicism is no longer classed as the state religion. The church once had a large influence in the running of the country, but it is not the case nowadays. Laws are now being passed that contradict Catholic beliefs e.g. divorce, same-sex marriages, contraception and abortion.
You can visit some of the many churches and cathedrals in Spain. They are extremely beautiful buildings and well worth a visit. It is necessary to dress appropriately when you enter a place of worship. Those wearing shorts or vests or have bare feet will not be permitted to enter. Women in short skirts or other inappropriate clothing will also be denied entry.
Other Religions
Although the vast majority of people in Spain are Roman Catholics, there are over 500,000 Muslims living in Spain.
A group of Muslims, called Moors came to Spain from Northern Africa in 711 A.D. The Moors ruled the country for over 400 years and made great advances in civilisation. When the Muslim religion was the main religion in Spain, they implemented a policy of Freedom of Religion which allowed followers of Judaism to flourish in Spain. You can still see elements of the Muslim religion in places such as the gardens and palaces of Cordoba in the south of Spain.
The decline of the Muslim religion occurred around the 13th century when King Fernando the 3rd conquered all of Spain and either drove out the Muslims and the Jews or made them convert to Catholicism.
Nowadays the increase in the Muslim and Jewish community in Spain is mainly due to the increase in immigration.
